Gynaecomastia (Male Breast Tissue): UK Online Doctor Guide
Educational information — not medical advice.
This article was prepared by the OnlineDoctor24 editorial team and reviewed for factual accuracy against UK clinical guidance (NHS and NICE). It is not written by a doctor and does not replace personal medical advice. For symptoms specific to you, book an online doctor consultation.
Key points
- Gynaecomastia is real glandular breast tissue, distinct from fatty chest (pseudogynaecomastia).
- Common in puberty and older age — usually benign.
- Medications (spironolactone, finasteride, anabolic steroids) and liver disease can cause it.
- Persistent or one-sided lumps need medical assessment.
Causes
- Puberty (resolves in 1–2 years usually).
- Older age (declining testosterone, rising oestrogen).
- Medications: spironolactone, finasteride, anti-psychotics, anabolic steroids, cannabis.
- Liver or kidney disease.
- Rare hormone-producing tumours.
What investigations may be needed
Examination, hormone profile, liver and kidney tests, sometimes ultrasound. One-sided, hard or fixed lumps may need urgent assessment to exclude rare male breast cancer.
Treatment
- Stop or change causative medication.
- Treat underlying disease.
- Tamoxifen (off-label) for persistent/painful gynaecomastia.
- Surgery for established, distressing cases.
Red flags — when to seek urgent help
Call 999 or go to A&E if you experience any of the following:
- Hard, one-sided or fixed lump
- Skin dimpling or nipple discharge
- Rapid enlargement
Frequently asked questions
Common questions UK patients ask about gynaecomastia.
How an online doctor can help
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This article is for general information only and does not replace personal medical advice from a qualified doctor. Content is reviewed against UK NHS and NICE guidance by the OnlineDoctor24 editorial team and is not authored by a medical doctor. If your symptoms worsen or you are unsure, please book a consultation with a GMC-registered GP.
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